- Hokku, the opening verse of renga and renku, as well as a standalone 17-mora poem, which developed into the independent haiku
- Hokku (発句): The first stanza of renga with a 5-7-5 sound unit count. Hokku, removed from the context of renga, eventually became the haiku poetry form.
- Renga - the earlier collaborative poetry from which renku evolved
- Renku (連句)(formerly known as haikai no renga 俳諧の連歌): Modern renga in the style of Matsuo Bashō.
- Renku, the popular derivative of renga, which reached its artistic peak in the 17th century
- Haiku (俳句 haikai verse)
listen (help·info) (no separate plural form) is a very short form of Japanese poetry.
- Renshi, modern development of renga and renku
- Matsuo Bashō - the 17th century Japanese poet who brought renku to a pinnacle of artistic achievement. He was the most famous poet of the Edo period in Japan.
- Tanka (短歌 "short poem") is a genre of classical Japanese poetry and one of the major genres of Japanese literature.[1] Earlier known as waka (和歌 "Japanese poem"), Japanese poet and critic Masaoka Shiki created the term tanka in the early twentieth century for his statement that waka should be renewed and modernized. Haiku is also a term of his invention, used for his revision of standalone hokku, with the same idea.
- Masaoka Shiki (正岡 子規, October 14, 1867 – September 19, 1902), pen-name of Masaoka Noboru (正岡 升),[4] was a Japanese poet, author, and literary critic in Meiji period Japan. Shiki is regarded as a major figure in the development of modern haiku poetry.[5] He also wrote on reform of tanka poetry.[6]
Some consider Shiki to be one of the four great haiku masters, the others being: Matsuo Bashō, Yosa Buson and Kobayashi Issa.[7]
- Haikai - the genre which encompasses renku and related forms such as haiku, senryū, haiga and haibun
- Zappai (雑俳) is a form of Japanese poetry, distinct from senryū and haiku, though sharing a common origin in haikai.[1]
Haiga is a style of Japanese painting based on the aesthetics of haikai, and usually including a haiku. Today, haiga artists combine haiku with paintings, photographs and other art.
Haibun is a combination of prose and haiku, often autobiographical or written in the form of a travel journal.
Kuhi: The carving of famous haiku on natural stone to make poem monuments known as kuhi (句碑) has been a popular practice for many centuries. The city of Matsuyama has more than two hundred kuhi.
