Hanafuda (花札) are playing cards of Japanese origin that are used to play a number of games. The name literally translates as "flower cards."[1][2] The name also refers to games played with those cards.
Plum (Ume) blossoms are often mentioned in Japanese poetry as a symbol of spring. When used in haiku or renga, they are a kigo or season word for early spring. The blossoms are associated with the Japanese Bush Warbler and depicted together on one of the twelve suits of hanafuda (Japanese playing cards).[60]
Plum blossoms were favored during the Nara period (710–794) until the emergence of the Heian period (794-1185) in which the cherry blossoms was preferred.[61]
Japanese tradition holds that the ume functions as a protective charm against evil, so the ume
is traditionally planted in the northeast of the garden, the direction
from which evil is believed to come. The eating of the pickled fruit for
breakfast is also supposed to stave off misfortune.[62]
Renga (連歌, collaborative poetry) is a genre[1] of Japanese collaborative poetry.
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